annotate

# annotate
### Gina Reynolds, April 26, 2020

---

# Exclamations and Interjections: Annotate using "geoms" not tied to data

---

```r
*ggplot(data = gapminder_2002)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_1_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
* aes(x = gdpPercap)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
* aes(y = lifeExp)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_3_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
* geom_point()
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_4_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  geom_point() +  
* annotate(geom = "point",
*          x = 10000,
*          y = 60,
*          color = "red")
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_5_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  geom_point() +  
  annotate(geom = "point",  
           x = 10000,  
           y = 60,  
           color = "red") +  
* annotate(geom = "text",
*          x = c(3000, 10000, 40000),
*          y = 80,
*          label = "Hello",
*          color = "blue")
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_6_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  geom_point() +  
  annotate(geom = "point",  
           x = 10000,  
           y = 60,  
           color = "red") +  
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = c(3000, 10000, 40000),  
           y = 80,  
           label = "Hello",  
           color = "blue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve",
*          x = 3000,
*          y = 79,
*          xend = 10000 - 500,
*          yend = 60 + .3,
*          color = "green",
*          arrow = arrow(angle = 20))
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotate-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotate_auto_7_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---

## Convenience annotation geoms

Some convenience functions have also been written for annotation using the geom_*() syntax.

- geom_abline()
- geom_hline()
- geom_vline()

---

```r
*ggplot(data = gapminder_2002)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_1_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
* aes(x = gdpPercap)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
* aes(y = lifeExp)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_3_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
* geom_point()
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_4_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  geom_point() +  
* geom_abline(slope = .01, intercept = 0)
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_5_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  geom_point() +  
  geom_abline(slope = .01, intercept = 0) +  
* geom_hline(yintercept = 70,
*            linetype = "dotted")
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_6_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
ggplot(data = gapminder_2002) +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  geom_point() +  
  geom_abline(slope = .01, intercept = 0) +  
  geom_hline(yintercept = 70,  
             linetype = "dotted") +  
* geom_vline(xintercept = c(1000, 10000),
*            linetype = "dashed")
```
]
 
.right-panel-annotation_geoms-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/annotation_geoms_auto_7_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
  geom_hline(yintercept = 10, linetype = "dotted") +  
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_1_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* geom_vline(xintercept = 1980, linetype = "dotted") +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "text", x = 1982, y = 10, label = "1952", angle = 90, size = 6) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_3_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* geom_abline(slope = 1, intercept = -1950, linetype = "dashed") +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_4_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* geom_vline(xintercept = 1980, linetype = "dotted") +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_5_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "rect", xmin = -Inf, xmax = Inf, ymin = 10, ymax = 15, alpha = .2) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_6_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "rect", xmin = 1980, xmax = 1970, ymin = -Inf, ymax = Inf, alpha = .2) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_7_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* geom_point(data = . %>% group_by(country) %>% slice(n()), aes(label = country)) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_8_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* geom_text(data = . %>% group_by(country) %>% slice(n()), aes(label = country), nudge_x = -3, nudge_y = 1) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_9_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature =   1, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_10_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature =  .7, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_11_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature =  .3, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_12_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature =  .1, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_13_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature =  .0, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_14_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature = -.3, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_15_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", curvature =-1.5, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_16_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(gapminder)  
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Oceania") %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = pop/1000000) +  
  aes(linetype = country) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(1952,2007), ylim = c(0, 25)) +  
  geom_line(color = "steelblue") +  
* annotate(geom = "curve", arrow = arrow(), curvature =-1.5, x = 1970, xend = 2000, y = 23, yend = 20) +
  annotate(geom = "text",  
           x = 1970, y = 22,  
           label = "Often these\ngeometric annotations\nare also accompanied\nby text annotation",  
           hjust = 1, size = 5,  
           angle = 20,  
           lineheight = .8,  
           fontface = "italic",  
           color = "plum4")  
```
]
 
.right-panel-ref_lines-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/ref_lines_rotate_17_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---

## Using geoms for annotation

Geoms can also be useful for annotation.

---

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
  geom_text()   
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_1_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* geom_text(nudge_y = 1.25)
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* geom_label(nudge_y = 1.25)
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_3_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* geom_text(check_overlap = T, nudge_y = 1.25)
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_4_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* ggrepel::geom_text_repel()
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_5_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* shadowtext::geom_shadowtext(aes(color = lifeExp > 70))
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_6_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* geom_text(data = . %>% filter(lifeExp < 60))
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_7_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* geom_point(data = . %>% filter(lifeExp < 60), color = "salmon")
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_8_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* geom_text(data = . %>% filter(country %in% c("Vietnam", "Thailand")), color = "seagreen")
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_9_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* annotate(geom = "text", x = 5000, y = 58, label = "Iraq")
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_10_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(ggrepel)  # for the very last option
gapminder %>%  
  filter(continent == "Asia") %>%  
  filter(year == 2002) %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = gdpPercap) +  
  scale_x_log10() +  
  aes(y = lifeExp) +  
  coord_cartesian(xlim = c(500, 40000), ylim = c(40,85)) +  
  geom_point() +  
  aes(label = country) +  
* ggpmisc::stat_dens2d_filter(geom = "text_repel", keep.fraction = 0.5)
```
]
 
.right-panel-labeling_points-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/labeling_points_rotate_11_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---

# Strategies for annotating time series

---
class: inverse, center, middle

# Legend, ordered legend, or direct label

---

```r
*dat
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[

```
  # A tibble: 9 x 5
     year fruit   price fruit_ABCD fruit_sane
    <int> <chr>   <dbl> <fct>      <fct>     
  1  2016 Oranges  4.25 Oranges    Oranges   
  2  2016 Lemons   4    Lemons     Lemons    
  3  2016 Grapes   3.25 Grapes     Grapes    
  4  2017 Oranges  4    Oranges    Oranges   
  5  2017 Lemons   4.75 Lemons     Lemons    
  6  2017 Grapes   3.75 Grapes     Grapes    
  7  2018 Oranges  5.55 Oranges    Oranges   
  8  2018 Lemons  NA    Lemons     Lemons    
  9  2018 Grapes   4.85 Grapes     Grapes
```
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
* ggplot()
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
* aes(x = year, y = price)
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_3_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
* geom_line(size = 1.5)
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_4_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
* aes(color = fruit)
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_5_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
  aes(color = fruit) +  
* theme(legend.justification = c(1, 0.85))
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_6_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
  aes(color = fruit) +  
  theme(legend.justification = c(1, 0.85)) +  
* theme(legend.position = "none")
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_7_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
  aes(color = fruit) +  
  theme(legend.justification = c(1, 0.85)) +  
  theme(legend.position = "none") +  
* geom_text(data = . %>%
*             group_by(fruit) %>%
*             drop_na() %>%
*             filter(year == max(year)),
*           aes(label = fruit),
*           nudge_x = .1, nudge_y = .12,
*           color = "black", size = 7)
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_8_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
  aes(color = fruit) +  
  theme(legend.justification = c(1, 0.85)) +  
  theme(legend.position = "none") +  
  geom_text(data = . %>%  
              group_by(fruit) %>%  
              drop_na() %>%  
              filter(year == max(year)),  
            aes(label = fruit),  
            nudge_x = .1, nudge_y = .12,  
            color = "black", size = 7) +  
* geom_point(data = dat %>%
*             group_by(fruit) %>%
*             drop_na() %>%
*             filter(year == max(year)),
*           aes(fill = fruit),
*           shape = 21, size = 6, color = "white")
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_9_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
  aes(color = fruit) +  
  theme(legend.justification = c(1, 0.85)) +  
  theme(legend.position = "none") +  
  geom_text(data = . %>%  
              group_by(fruit) %>%  
              drop_na() %>%  
              filter(year == max(year)),  
            aes(label = fruit),  
            nudge_x = .1, nudge_y = .12,  
            color = "black", size = 7) +  
  geom_point(data = dat %>%  
              group_by(fruit) %>%  
              drop_na() %>%  
              filter(year == max(year)),  
            aes(fill = fruit),  
            shape = 21, size = 6, color = "white") +  
* scale_x_continuous(breaks = 2016:2018,
*                    expand = c(0.1,0),
*                    limits = c(2016,2018.2))
```
]
 
.right-panel-plots-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/plots_auto_10_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
  aes(color = fruit)   
```
]
 
.right-panel-fct_reorder-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/fct_reorder_rotate_1_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year, y = price) +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5) +  
* aes(color = fct_reorder2(fruit, year, price))
```
]
 
.right-panel-fct_reorder-rotate[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/fct_reorder_rotate_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: inverse, center, middle

# Facet instead of annotation

---

```r
*dat
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
* ggplot()
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_2_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
* aes(x = year)
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_3_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
* aes(y = price)
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_4_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = price) +  
* facet_wrap(~fruit)
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_5_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = price) +  
  facet_wrap(~fruit) +  
* geom_line(data = . %>%
*             mutate(fruit_grey = fruit) %>%
*             select(-fruit),
*           aes(group = fruit_grey),
*           color = "grey")
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_6_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = price) +  
  facet_wrap(~fruit) +  
  geom_line(data = . %>%  
              mutate(fruit_grey = fruit) %>%  
              select(-fruit),  
            aes(group = fruit_grey),  
            color = "grey") +  
* geom_line(size = 1.5,
*           color = "steelblue")
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_7_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = price) +  
  facet_wrap(~fruit) +  
  geom_line(data = . %>%  
              mutate(fruit_grey = fruit) %>%  
              select(-fruit),  
            aes(group = fruit_grey),  
            color = "grey") +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5,  
            color = "steelblue") +  
* theme(strip.text =
*         element_text(color = "steelblue",
*                      size = 20,
*                      face = "bold"))
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_8_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = price) +  
  facet_wrap(~fruit) +  
  geom_line(data = . %>%  
              mutate(fruit_grey = fruit) %>%  
              select(-fruit),  
            aes(group = fruit_grey),  
            color = "grey") +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5,  
            color = "steelblue") +  
  theme(strip.text =  
          element_text(color = "steelblue",  
                       size = 20,  
                       face = "bold")) +  
* theme(panel.spacing.x =
*         unit(2, "lines"))
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_9_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
dat %>%  
  ggplot() +  
  aes(x = year) +  
  aes(y = price) +  
  facet_wrap(~fruit) +  
  geom_line(data = . %>%  
              mutate(fruit_grey = fruit) %>%  
              select(-fruit),  
            aes(group = fruit_grey),  
            color = "grey") +  
  geom_line(size = 1.5,  
            color = "steelblue") +  
  theme(strip.text =  
          element_text(color = "steelblue",  
                       size = 20,  
                       face = "bold")) +  
  theme(panel.spacing.x =  
          unit(2, "lines")) +  
# overwriting above faceting specification
* facet_wrap(~fct_reorder2(fruit, year, price))
```
]
 
.right-panel-via_faceting-auto[
<img src="annotate_files/figure-html/via_faceting_auto_10_output-1.png" width="100%" />
]

---
class: inverse, center, middle

# Interested in the toy data prep for fruit example?
--

## Uses pivot_longer()

### This is basically [Jenny Bryan's set up](https://gist.github.com/jennybc/847c6b43c4e35cec2e5bb30a3f38af73)

---

```r
*library(tidyverse)
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(tidyverse)

*tibble(
* year = 2016:2018,
* Oranges = c(4.25, 4, 5.55),
* Lemons = c(4, 4.75, NA),
* Grapes = c(3.25, 3.75, 4.85)
*) 
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

```
  # A tibble: 3 x 4
     year Oranges Lemons Grapes
    <int>   <dbl>  <dbl>  <dbl>
  1  2016    4.25   4      3.25
  2  2017    4      4.75   3.75
  3  2018    5.55  NA      4.85
```
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(tidyverse)

tibble(  
  year = 2016:2018,  
  Oranges = c(4.25, 4, 5.55),  
  Lemons = c(4, 4.75, NA),  
  Grapes = c(3.25, 3.75, 4.85)  
)  ->  
*dat_wide
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(tidyverse)

tibble(  
  year = 2016:2018,  
  Oranges = c(4.25, 4, 5.55),  
  Lemons = c(4, 4.75, NA),  
  Grapes = c(3.25, 3.75, 4.85)  
)  ->  
dat_wide

*dat_wide
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

```
  # A tibble: 3 x 4
     year Oranges Lemons Grapes
    <int>   <dbl>  <dbl>  <dbl>
  1  2016    4.25   4      3.25
  2  2017    4      4.75   3.75
  3  2018    5.55  NA      4.85
```
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(tidyverse)

tibble(  
  year = 2016:2018,  
  Oranges = c(4.25, 4, 5.55),  
  Lemons = c(4, 4.75, NA),  
  Grapes = c(3.25, 3.75, 4.85)  
)  ->  
dat_wide

dat_wide %>%  
* pivot_longer(
*   cols = c(Oranges, Lemons, Grapes),
*   names_to = "fruit",
*   values_to = "price")
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

```
  # A tibble: 9 x 3
     year fruit   price
    <int> <chr>   <dbl>
  1  2016 Oranges  4.25
  2  2016 Lemons   4   
  3  2016 Grapes   3.25
  4  2017 Oranges  4   
  5  2017 Lemons   4.75
  6  2017 Grapes   3.75
  7  2018 Oranges  5.55
  8  2018 Lemons  NA   
  9  2018 Grapes   4.85
```
]

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(tidyverse)

tibble(  
  year = 2016:2018,  
  Oranges = c(4.25, 4, 5.55),  
  Lemons = c(4, 4.75, NA),  
  Grapes = c(3.25, 3.75, 4.85)  
)  ->  
dat_wide

dat_wide %>%  
  pivot_longer(  
    cols = c(Oranges, Lemons, Grapes),  
    names_to = "fruit",  
    values_to = "price") %>%  
* mutate(
*   fruit_ABCD = factor(fruit),
*   fruit_sane = fct_reorder2(fruit, year, price)
* )
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

---
class: split-40
count: false

```r
library(tidyverse)

tibble(  
  year = 2016:2018,  
  Oranges = c(4.25, 4, 5.55),  
  Lemons = c(4, 4.75, NA),  
  Grapes = c(3.25, 3.75, 4.85)  
)  ->  
dat_wide

dat_wide %>%  
  pivot_longer(  
    cols = c(Oranges, Lemons, Grapes),  
    names_to = "fruit",  
    values_to = "price") %>%  
  mutate(  
    fruit_ABCD = factor(fruit),  
    fruit_sane = fct_reorder2(fruit, year, price)  
  ) ->  
*dat
```
]
 
.right-panel-data_prep-auto[

]

---